The new crop of vaccines for COVID that use something called mRNA usually require super cold storage.  That makes it hard to distribute these vaccines especially in places that don’t have a lot of ultra-low-temperature refrigeration.  The mRNA vaccine particles are coated in lipids and less than 100 nanometers in size.  Scientists in a publication called SMALL (yes, this is no lie, the journal is called SMALL) reported testing three different drying processes to help preserve these vaccines.  The experiments show that these mRNA vaccines could be preserved through a process much like freeze drying but also included a sugar, trehalose which helped to keep these vaccines stable at room temperature.  While nobody likes a shot, they are sometimes important and making sure that they can be shipped and used all around the world is very important.